What is meant by the term "berm" in range safety?

The term "berm" refers to a mound of earth or a built barrier that acts as a crucial safety backstop for fired rounds during shooting exercises. It serves to contain bullets, preventing them from leaving the designated shooting area and thus protecting individuals outside the range from stray shots. The presence of a properly constructed berm is essential to maintaining range safety protocols, as it helps ensure that all shots fired remain within a controlled environment.

In contrast, other options do not effectively define what a berm is in the context of range safety. For instance, safety protocols involve broader guidelines and rules rather than a physical structure, a type of target does not relate to safety measures, and the designated area for spectators is specifically arranged to ensure they are at a safe distance and do not interfere with the shooting activities but does not encapsulate the concept of a berm. Understanding the role of a berm is vital for anyone involved in range operations or shooting sports to mitigate risks and enhance safety.